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Dissociation in hypnosis and multiple personality disorder.

K S Bowers1

  • 1University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

The International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
|July 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

The neodissociative model better explains hypnotic behavior and multiple personality disorder (MPD) symptoms as purposeful yet nonvolitional, unlike social psychological models.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Hypnosis Studies
  • Dissociative Disorders

Background:

  • Theories of hypnosis often debate whether hypnotic behavior is purposeful or nonvolitional.
  • Existing social psychological models struggle to differentiate between behavior enacted 'on purpose' and behavior that serves a purpose.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare neodissociative and social psychological models of hypnosis.
  • To apply the neodissociative model to understand the phenomenon of multiple personality disorder (MPD).

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of hypnotic models.
  • Review and synthesis of dissertations supporting the neodissociative view.
  • Application of the neodissociative framework to MPD symptomatology.

Main Results:

  • The social psychological model inadequately distinguishes purposeful action in hypnosis.
  • Dissertations support the neodissociative view: hypnotic behavior is purposeful (achieves suggested state) and nonvolitional (lacks executive initiative).
  • Many MPD symptoms can be understood as implicitly suggested effects in individuals prone to dissociative defenses.

Conclusions:

  • The neodissociative model offers a more parsimonious explanation for hypnotic behavior than social psychological models.
  • The neodissociative perspective provides a more conceptually and empirically sustainable account of MPD than the concept of secondary personalities.

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