Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 28, 2026
Building Affordable, Durable, Medium-Fidelity Ballistic Gel Phantoms for Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Block Training
Published on: February 9, 2024
Inexpensive phantom for fluoroscopy guided nerve block training*
Satoki Inoue1, Aki Fujiwara, Keisuke Watanabe
1Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho Kashihara Nara, Japan. seninoue@naramed-u.ac.jp
Objective:
Regional anesthesia simulation manikins with phantom skeletal structures are commercially available. Unfortunately, they are quite expensive. This article introduces our handmade, low cost, phantom for training of nerve block with fluoroscopic guidance.
Materials:
The phantom consisted of artificial bone models to resemble human lumbar vertebrae with disks, covered with 5-7 sheets of self-adhesive sponge. Posteriorly, mobility between sheets was retained in order to deflect needles and provide practice of redirecting needles.
Conclusions:
Although it might lack radiographic fidelity, our inexpensive phantom can be used for basic training of nerve block with fluoroscopic guidance.
