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Related Concept Videos

Centrifugation01:05

Centrifugation

Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...
Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

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Single Step Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Large-Volume Samples with a Bifurcated A4F Microfluidic Device
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Microbubble size isolation by differential centrifugation.

Jameel A Feshitan1, Cherry C Chen, James J Kwan

  • 1Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, 500 W 120 ST, New York, NY 10027, USA.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|October 28, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a method to control microbubble size for improved medical applications. Differential centrifugation effectively separated microbubbles, yielding more uniform populations for enhanced performance.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Microbubbles are crucial for ultrasound imaging, drug delivery, and gas transport.
  • Current production methods yield polydisperse microbubbles, limiting their efficacy.
  • Precise size control is essential for optimizing microbubble performance in biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate lipid-coated, perfluorobutane-filled microbubbles.
  • To isolate specific size fractions of microbubbles using differential centrifugation.
  • To assess the stability and polydispersity of size-selected microbubbles.

Main Methods:

  • Microbubbles were produced via mechanical agitation.
  • Size distribution was analyzed using light obscuration, electrical impedance sensing, microscopy, and flow cytometry.
  • Differential centrifugation was employed for size fractionation.

Main Results:

  • The initial microbubble suspension exhibited a multimodal size distribution, with smaller bubbles being more abundant.
  • Differential centrifugation successfully isolated 1-2 µm and 4-5 µm diameter microbubble fractions.
  • Isolated microbubbles remained stable for two days, but Ostwald ripening occurred in dilute suspensions after two weeks, suggesting an optimal stable diameter around 1-2 µm.

Conclusions:

  • Differential centrifugation is a rapid and effective method for reducing polydispersity and selecting microbubble sizes.
  • Size-controlled microbubbles demonstrate improved stability, with an optimal diameter range identified.
  • This technique enhances the potential of microbubbles for various biomedical applications requiring precise size control.