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Related Concept Videos

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Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 17, 2026

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum
07:49

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum

Published on: January 22, 2019

A model for a lipid-coated microbubble based on transient network theory.

Bashir M Alnajar1, Shankar L Sridhar2, Mark A Borden2

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80918, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|May 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new model for lipid-coated encapsulated microbubbles (EMBs) used in ultrasound imaging and therapy. This model accurately predicts EMB behavior, improving their application in biomedical fields.

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Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies
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Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies

Published on: September 1, 2023

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Last Updated: May 17, 2026

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum
07:49

Spontaneous Formation and Rearrangement of Artificial Lipid Nanotube Networks as a Bottom-Up Model for Endoplasmic Reticulum

Published on: January 22, 2019

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies
07:31

Realistic Membrane Modeling Using Complex Lipid Mixtures in Simulation Studies

Published on: September 1, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Acoustic Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Encapsulated microbubbles (EMBs) are crucial for ultrasound contrast enhancement and biomedical therapies like drug delivery.
  • Lipid-coated EMBs exhibit complex nonlinear and viscoelastic properties, posing modeling challenges.
  • Existing models struggle to capture the dynamic behavior of lipid shells during ultrasound exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel computational model for lipid-coated encapsulated microbubbles.
  • To simulate the viscoelastic properties of the lipid shell using transient network theory.
  • To accurately predict the behavior of microbubbles under ultrasonic driving.

Main Methods:

  • A statistically based continuum theory utilizing transient network theory was employed.
  • The model incorporates five key physical parameters: optimum lipid area, maximum bonds per lipid, buckling radius, and lipid association/dissociation rates.
  • Local viscoelastic properties were calculated based on lipid-molecular configurations.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully replicates experimentally measured natural frequencies and radial responses of lipid-coated microbubbles.
  • It accurately captures nonlinear behaviors, including compression-dominated and expansion-dominated responses.
  • The model provides mechanistic insights into these behaviors based on lipid bond kinetics.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed transient network model offers a robust simulation of lipid-coated EMBs.
  • It enhances understanding of microbubble dynamics crucial for ultrasound imaging and therapy.
  • The model's adaptability to nonspherical deformations supports its application in diverse biomedical scenarios.