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Tuning the Shell Elasticity of Phospholipid-Coated Microbubbles via Palmitic Acid Doping.

Benjamin van Elburg¹, Kim Bruil¹, Guillaume Lajoinie¹

¹Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands.

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|October 18, 2025

Summary

Researchers tuned microbubble shell elasticity using palmitic acid (PA) doping, enhancing their acoustic response for advanced ultrasound applications like noninvasive pressure sensing.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Acoustic Physics

Background:

Phospholipid-coated microbubbles are used for contrast-enhanced ultrasound.
Tuning microbubble acoustic response is crucial for expanding applications beyond imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

To control microbubble shell elasticity and investigate its effect on acoustic properties.
To enhance the nonlinear acoustic response of microbubbles for sensing applications.

Main Methods:

Doping phospholipid shells with palmitic acid (PA) to modify elasticity.
Ambient pressure-controlled acoustic attenuation measurements to characterize shell elasticity.
Nonlinear bubble dynamics modeling using Rayleigh-Plesset-type equations.

Main Results:

Shell elasticity controlled over one order of magnitude (0.5–4.5 N/m) by PA doping.
Increased elasticity confined to a narrow surface area range; elasticity drops rapidly with slight expansion.
Shell viscosity variation with surface area observed, potentially enhancing nonlinear dynamics.

Conclusions:

Controlled shell elasticity enables tuning of microbubble nonlinear acoustic response.
Enhanced subharmonic response sensitivity achieved for applications like noninvasive pressure sensing.