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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture
10:31

Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture

Published on: April 8, 2016

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

Frederick Lansigan1, Jaehyuk Choi, Francine M Foss

  • 1Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, USA.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|October 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) involves skin-infiltrating T-cell growths. This review covers staging, prognosis, and treatment for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome, key CTCL types.

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Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
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Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

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Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture
10:31

Lymphocyte Isolation from Human Skin for Phenotypic Analysis and Ex Vivo Cell Culture

Published on: April 8, 2016

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling
09:08

Isolating Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and CD4+ T cells from Sézary Syndrome Patients for Transcriptomic Profiling

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Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma
10:52

Tumor Engraftment in a Xenograft Mouse Model of Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma

Published on: March 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a diverse group of cancers.
  • It involves abnormal T-cells that primarily affect the skin.
  • Mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome are the most common forms of CTCL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of staging systems for CTCL.
  • To discuss prognostic factors influencing patient outcomes.
  • To outline current and emerging treatment strategies for mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CTCL.
  • Synthesis of information on staging, prognosis, and treatment.
  • Focus on mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.

Main Results:

  • Staging is crucial for determining prognosis and guiding treatment.
  • Prognosis varies significantly based on disease stage and specific subtype.
  • Treatment options range from topical therapies to systemic agents and newer modalities.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate staging and understanding prognostic indicators are vital for effective CTCL management.
  • Personalized treatment approaches are essential for improving outcomes in mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome.
  • Ongoing research continues to refine treatment strategies for these rare skin lymphomas.