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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage. When...
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
Instrumentation Amplifier01:25

Instrumentation Amplifier

An electrocardiography (ECG) machine is an essential piece of medical equipment used to monitor the electrical activity of the heart. It operates by detecting small electrical changes on the skin that result from the depolarization of the heart muscle during each heartbeat. However, these signals are in the microvolt range and can be easily overwhelmed by noise or interference.
To overcome this challenge, an ECG machine utilizes an instrumentation amplifier. This specialized amplifier is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function
05:03

Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function

Published on: December 11, 2019

[Standard-ECG].

Bernd-Dieter Gonska1

  • 1Medizinische Klinik 3 - Kardiologie, Angiologie, Intensivmedizin, St. Vincentius Kliniken Karlsruhe, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität Freiburg, Südendstrasse 32, 76137 Karlsruhe, Deutschland.

Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie
|October 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The electrocardiogram (ECG) remains central to cardiac diagnostics. Advanced interpretations now cover conditions like left ventricular hypertrophy and various arrhythmogenic diseases, enhancing diagnostic capabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Context:

  • The electrocardiogram (ECG) is fundamental in cardiology.
  • Evolving diagnostic criteria necessitate updated interpretations.

Purpose:

  • To detail new ECG interpretations for specific cardiac conditions.
  • To highlight advancements in diagnosing arrhythmogenic diseases.

Summary:

  • New ECG interpretations have been developed for left ventricular hypertrophy and Q-waves.
  • Includes updated diagnostic approaches for long and short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, early repolarization syndrome, and arrhythmogenic right ventricular disease.

Impact:

  • Improves accuracy in diagnosing complex cardiac conditions.
  • Enhances the clinical utility of the ECG in modern cardiology practice.