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Related Concept Videos

Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Isolation and Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus from the P3HR1 Cell Line
09:14

Isolation and Quantification of Epstein-Barr Virus from the P3HR1 Cell Line

Published on: September 28, 2022

EBER2 RNA-induced transcriptome changes identify cellular processes likely targeted during Epstein Barr Virus

Sebastian Eilebrecht1, François-Xavier Pellay, Peter Odenwälder

  • 1Department of Biochemistry; Ruhr University Bochum; Universitätsstr, 150; 44780 Bochum, Germany. sebastian.eilebrecht@ruhr-uni-bochum.de

BMC Research Notes
|October 30, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) EBER2 RNA influences host cell gene expression, potentially inhibiting immune responses and promoting cell growth. This finding offers new insights into EBV biology and EBER2 function.

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Published on: September 7, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Virology
  • Epigenetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • The physiological role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encoded small nuclear RNAs EBER1 and EBER2 remains largely unknown.
  • EBERs are highly expressed in EBV-infected cells (10^6–10^7 copies/cell) and serve as diagnostic markers.
  • While targets of EBER RNAs have been studied, the function of EBERs themselves is elusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cellular transcription response to EBER2 RNA expression.
  • To elucidate the functional role of EBER2 RNA in EBV-infected cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cellular transcription patterns using wild-type and mutant EBER2 RNA.
  • Functional meta-analysis of gene expression data.

Main Results:

  • EBER2 expression significantly alters host cell gene expression patterns.
  • Potential EBER2 targets include inhibition of stress and immune responses.
  • EBER2 may activate cellular growth and cytoskeletal reorganization pathways.
  • Different regions of EBER2 RNA may possess distinct functions.

Conclusions:

  • These findings provide novel insights into EBV and EBER2 biology.
  • Transcriptome analysis offers a foundation for further functional studies of EBER2.