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Related Concept Videos

Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
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The position of the absorption signal of a sample is reported relative to the position of the signal of tetramethylsilane (TMS), which is added as an internal reference while recording spectra. The difference between the absorption frequencies of the sample and TMS (in Hz) is divided by the spectrometer operating frequency (in MHz) to obtain a dimensionless quantity called the chemical shift. It is reported on the δ (delta) scale and expressed in parts per million.
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Rejection of Fluorescence Background in Resonance and Spontaneous Raman Microspectroscopy
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Published on: May 18, 2011

A signal-comparison parameter for zeeman background-corrected spectrometers.

R Stephens1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, N.S.W. 2308, Australia.

Talanta
|November 1, 1978
PubMed
Summary

A new standard for background-corrected spectrometers is proposed. This standard allows for the sensitivity comparison of practical Zeeman-corrected spectrometers using derived equations.

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Instrument calibration

Background:

  • Practical spectrometers require calibration standards for accurate performance evaluation.
  • Zeeman-corrected spectrometers are widely used but lack a universal sensitivity reference.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an ideal background-corrected spectrometer as a calibration standard.
  • To establish a method for relating the sensitivity of practical Zeeman-corrected spectrometers to this ideal standard.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical derivation of equations.
  • Definition of an ideal background-corrected spectrometer.

Main Results:

  • An ideal background-corrected spectrometer is defined.
  • Equations are derived to relate practical Zeeman-corrected spectrometer sensitivity to the ideal standard.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed ideal spectrometer serves as a valuable reference for calibrating Zeeman-corrected spectrometers.
  • The derived equations facilitate quantitative comparison of spectrometer sensitivity.