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Related Concept Videos

Principles Of Column Chromatography01:13

Principles Of Column Chromatography

The chromatography technique was first invented in 1901 by Michael S. Tswett, a Russian botanist, to separate plant pigments using organic solvents. Further, in 1941, Archer John Porter Martin and R. L. M. Synge modified the technique by packing silica gel into a column. A mixture of amino acids was then separated on the packed column using chloroform and water mixture as the mobile phase. This was the first report on column chromatography. At present, column chromatography is a widely used...
Chromatography: Introduction01:10

Chromatography: Introduction

Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
The phase in which the compounds linger or on which the compounds adsorb is called the stationary phase, whereas the mobile phase is the solvent that carries the solutes to be analyzed. In traditional column chromatography, the mixture flows through the stationary phase, and the compounds partition between the stationary and mobile phases...
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
Chromatographic Methods: Classification01:12

Chromatographic Methods: Classification

Chromatographic techniques are classified in three ways: the classification is based on the physical state of the stationary and mobile phases, how the mobile phase and the stationary phase contact each other, or through the chemical or physical processes that isolate the components of the sample. Typically, the mobile phase is either a liquid or gas, while the stationary phase is either a solid or a liquid layer applied to a solid surface.
Chromatographic techniques are typically named by...
Chromatographic Methods: Terminology01:18

Chromatographic Methods: Terminology

Chromatography is an analytical technique widely used in fields such as chemistry, biology, environmental science, and pharmaceuticals to separate the components of a mixture and identify substances between them. The process of chromatography is based on the interactions between two distinct phases: the stationary phase and the mobile phase. The stationary phase is fixed in place by a supporting material, while the mobile phase moves over it, carrying the solutes. As the mobile phase travels,...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
06:25

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns

Published on: April 26, 2016

Nonlinear chromatography Recent theoretical and experimental results.

G Guiochon1, S Ghodbane, S Golshan-Shirazi

  • 1Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-1600, U.S.A.; Division of Analytical Chemistry, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6101, U.S.A.

Talanta
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

This study advances nonlinear chromatography theory using partial differential equations. Analytical and numerical solutions for various chromatographic systems demonstrate the model

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
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Curtain Flow Column: Optimization of Efficiency and Sensitivity
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Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection
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Tuning a Parallel Segmented Flow Column and Enabling Multiplexed Detection

Published on: December 15, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Chromatography
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nonlinear chromatography theory development.
  • Application of partial differential equations to chromatography.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To advance the theory of nonlinear chromatography.
  • To provide analytical and numerical solutions for chromatographic models.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical solution for the ideal model with Langmuir isotherm.
  • Numerical solutions for the semi-ideal model using computer programs.
  • Validation through experimental results.

Main Results:

  • Solutions for one-, two-, and three-component systems.
  • Characterization of band profiles and separation efficiency.
  • Experimental validation of numerical models.

Conclusions:

  • The developed models are applicable to high-performance chromatography.
  • Fast mass transfer kinetics are crucial for equilibrium assumptions.
  • Exclusion of affinity chromatography due to specific kinetic requirements.