Pancreatic procolipase propeptide, enterostatin, specifically inhibits fat intake

Pancreatic procolipase is activated by trypsin forming colipase, a cofactor for pancreatic lipase involved in intestinal fat digestion and a pentapeptide named enterostatin. Enterostatin with the sequence Val-Pro-Asp-Pro-Arg (VPDPR) was previously shown to decrease food intake in rats both after peripheral and central injection. In this work enterostatin has been shown to reduce specifically the consumption of a high-fat diet as opposed to a low-fat diet after central injection of Sprague-Dawley rats. After starvation for 18 hours the rats were given a free choice of a low-fat diet (5.2% fat by weight; 14.1% by energy) and a high-fat diet (17.8% fat by weight; 32.8% by energy) in separate containers. After injection of 200 ng of VPDPR into the lateral ventricle, the rats selectively decreased the intake of the high-fat diet by 45% (p less than 0.005), while the intake of the low-fat diet was unaffected compared to saline injection. VPDP after intracerebroventricular injection had totally lost the selective effect on the consumption of a high- fat and a low-fat diet. It is suggested that enterostatin formed during fat digestion from pancreatic procolipase may provide a feed-back signal for the intake of lipid.