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Related Concept Videos

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the stimulus...
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Introduction to Special Senses

Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive functions.
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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Large-scale Three-dimensional Imaging of Cellular Organization in the Mouse Neocortex
09:55

Large-scale Three-dimensional Imaging of Cellular Organization in the Mouse Neocortex

Published on: September 5, 2018

Cell groups reveal structure of stimulus space.

Carina Curto1, Vladimir Itskov

  • 1Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.

Plos Computational Biology
|November 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary

The brain can construct accurate spatial representations using only neural activity, like hippocampal place cell spikes. This reveals environmental structure without prior knowledge of cell properties.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The brain must represent external stimuli using only neural responses.
  • Decoding neural activity is challenging without direct access to stimuli.
  • Hippocampal place cells are crucial for spatial navigation and memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the brain can learn about environmental stimuli solely from neural activity.
  • To determine if spatial representations can be constructed without prior knowledge of cell receptive fields.
  • To explore the information contained within correlated neural firing patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzing action potentials (spikes) from hippocampal place cells.
  • Utilizing a model system with stereotyped but unknown cell receptive fields.

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Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Large-scale Three-dimensional Imaging of Cellular Organization in the Mouse Neocortex
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Large-scale Three-dimensional Imaging of Cellular Organization in the Mouse Neocortex

Published on: September 5, 2018

Mapping Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits by Laser Scanning Photostimulation
09:50

Mapping Inhibitory Neuronal Circuits by Laser Scanning Photostimulation

Published on: October 6, 2011

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
08:49

Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices

Published on: January 22, 2018

  • Examining patterns of co-firing among neuronal populations.

    • Main Results:

    • Global environmental features can be extracted from neural activity alone.
    • An accurate spatial representation, scalable by a factor, can be constructed.
    • Animal position can be tracked using these derived spatial representations.
    • Information was obtained without prior knowledge of place fields or neural-to-position functions.

    Conclusions:

    • Neural firing patterns contain significant information about the underlying stimulus space.
    • The brain may construct internal representations by identifying groups of co-firing cells.
    • This approach offers a novel method for decoding neural representations of space.