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Feigned neurocognitive deficit: taxon or dimension?

Glenn D Walters1, David T R Berry, Richard Rogers

  • 1Psychology Services, Federal Correctional Institution-Schuylkill, Minersville, PA 17954-0700, USA. gwalters@bop.gov

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Feigned neurocognitive deficits appear to exist on a spectrum, not as distinct categories. This finding impacts the understanding and assessment of memory malingering in clinical and research settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Forensic Psychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Distinguishing genuine cognitive impairment from feigned deficits is crucial in legal and clinical contexts.
  • Understanding the underlying structure of symptom presentation aids in accurate assessment.
  • Previous research has explored various methods for detecting malingering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the latent structure of feigned neurocognitive deficits.
  • To determine if feigning is categorical or dimensional.
  • To examine the utility of specific symptom validity tests in this exploration.

Main Methods:

  • A taxometric investigation was conducted on 527 compensation-seeking adults.
  • Data from the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM), Letter Memory Test (LMT), and Victoria Symptom Validity Test (VSVT) were analyzed.
  • Three taxometric procedures were employed: Mean Above Minus Below a Cut (MAMBAC), Maximum Covariance (MAXCOV), and Latent-Mode Factor Analysis (L-Mode).

Main Results:

  • All three taxometric procedures provided evidence supporting a dimensional latent structure.
  • Feigned neurocognitive symptomatology appears to be ordered along a continuum.
  • No distinct categories of feigning were identified.

Conclusions:

  • Feigned neurocognitive deficits are best understood as existing on a continuum rather than as discrete types.
  • This dimensional perspective has significant implications for theoretical models of malingering.
  • Clinical and research practices for assessing symptom validity should consider this continuous nature.