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Related Concept Videos

Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with bradycardia...
Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview

Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
Atherosclerosis, the primary malefactor, orchestrates this dangerous condition. It manifests as the accumulation of fatty deposits, akin to insidious plaques, within arterial walls. As time elapses, these plaques metamorphose, hardening and narrowing...
Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...
Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output01:22

Cardiac Output II: Effect of Stroke Volume on Cardiac Output

Cardiac output (CO), the amount of blood the heart pumps per minute, is a parameter in cardiovascular physiology determined by stroke volume and heart rate. Stroke volume, the amount of blood pushed from one of the ventricles per heartbeat, is influenced by preload, afterload, and contractility.
Preload
Preload refers to the initial elongation of the cardiac myocytes before contraction and is related to the volume of blood filling the heart at the end of diastole, or end-diastolic volume. The...

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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
04:38

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

Decreased heart rate variability is associated with poststroke depression.

Robert G Robinson1, Gianfranco Spalletta, Ricardo E Jorge

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. robert-robinson@uiowa.edu

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry : Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry
|November 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Post-stroke depression is linked to reduced heart rate variability (HRV). This study found lower HRV in depressed stroke patients, suggesting a connection between stroke, depression, and cardiac autonomic function.

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Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
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Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology

Published on: September 21, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats
04:38

A Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Technique for Inducing Post-stroke Depression in Rats

Published on: May 22, 2019

Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
05:48

Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology

Published on: September 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) is documented in depression post-myocardial infarction.
  • HRV in post-stroke depression remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively assess heart rate variability (HRV) in relation to depression among acute stroke patients.
  • Investigate the link between post-stroke depression and cardiac autonomic function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized 24-hour Holter monitoring to assess HRV.
  • Evaluated patients with first-ever stroke, excluding those with severe comorbidities or affecting medications.
  • Assessed depression using the Structured Clinical Interview and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Standard deviation of normal to normal beats (SDNN) was the primary HRV measure.

Main Results:

  • Patients with post-stroke depression (N=33) exhibited significantly lower SDNN (109 +/- 32.6 SD) compared to nondepressed patients (N=16; 133.9 +/- 40.1 SD).
  • SDNN was independently and significantly related to the presence of depression.
  • No other significant intergroup differences were found.

Conclusions:

  • Provides initial evidence that major and minor post-stroke depression may decrease HRV.
  • Suggests a potential link between post-stroke depression and impaired cardiac autonomic regulation.
  • Recommends future research with larger cohorts to explore specific HRV measures related to sympathetic-parasympathetic tone in post-stroke depression.