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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...
Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers, unexplained...
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy

The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
Patient...
Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis01:26

Endoscopic Studies II: Thoracocentesis

Thoracentesis(Thoracocentesis), commonly known as pleural tap, is a medical procedure where a 22 gauge needle is inserted into the pleural space, the area between the lung and chest wall. This procedure is commonly performed to diagnose or treat various respiratory disorders.
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Excess pleural fluid or air may accumulate in some respiratory disorders in the thoracic cavity. To treat pleural effusion, a physician conducts thoracentesis by carefully piercing the chest wall and entering...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Systematic Endobronchial Ultrasound - The Six Landmarks Approach
05:22

Systematic Endobronchial Ultrasound - The Six Landmarks Approach

Published on: August 11, 2023

Computer-based System for the Virtual-Endoscopic Guidance of Bronchoscopy.

J P Helferty1, A J Sherbondy, A P Kiraly

  • 1Lockheed-Martin Corporation, King of Prussia, PA.

Computer Vision and Image Understanding : CVIU
|November 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a computer-aided system for lung cancer diagnosis, enhancing bronchoscopy with 3D CT imaging. The system improves biopsy accuracy and reduces physician skill variation for better lung cancer detection.

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Systematic Bronchoscopy: the Four Landmarks Approach
04:47

Systematic Bronchoscopy: the Four Landmarks Approach

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Systematic Endobronchial Ultrasound - The Six Landmarks Approach
05:22

Systematic Endobronchial Ultrasound - The Six Landmarks Approach

Published on: August 11, 2023

Systematic Bronchoscopy: the Four Landmarks Approach
04:47

Systematic Bronchoscopy: the Four Landmarks Approach

Published on: June 23, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Computer-Assisted Surgery
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Lung cancer diagnosis typically involves separate 3D CT scans and bronchoscopy.
  • Physicians lack direct visual correlation between CT findings and bronchoscopic procedures, leading to blind biopsies.
  • Current methods can result in significant variation in diagnostic accuracy based on physician skill.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a computer-based system for image-guided bronchoscopy in lung cancer diagnosis.
  • To enhance physician visualization and precision during bronchoscopic biopsies.
  • To reduce variability in diagnostic outcomes and improve biopsy effectiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a computer system integrating 3D CT data with live bronchoscopic video.
  • Implementation of a CT-video registration technique using normalized mutual information.
  • Real-time fusion of pre-operative CT scans and intra-operative bronchoscopic views with visual feedback tools.

Main Results:

  • The CT-video registration technique demonstrated efficacy in multiple validation sets.
  • The complete system, tested on phantoms, animals, and patients, significantly reduced physician skill variation.
  • Biopsy effectiveness was notably increased compared to the standard diagnostic procedure.

Conclusions:

  • The developed system effectively bridges the gap between 3D CT imaging and bronchoscopy.
  • Image-guided bronchoscopy enhances diagnostic precision and reduces inter-physician variability in lung cancer diagnosis.
  • This technology holds potential for improving lung cancer detection rates and patient outcomes.