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Updated: Jun 28, 2026
11:02
Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
Published on: October 30, 2013
Overdiagnosis of bladder carcinoma
Liang Cheng1, David G Bostwick
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. liang_cheng@yahoo.com
Analytical and Quantitative Cytology and Histology
|November 5, 2008
Summary
Overdiagnosis of bladder cancer occurred in 27 patients due to benign conditions mimicking malignancy. Awareness of these mimics, such as urothelial papilloma, is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Uropathology
- Oncology
Background:
- Accurate diagnosis of bladder cancer is critical for appropriate patient management.
- Overdiagnosis can lead to unnecessary anxiety and interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and describe archival cases of bladder cancer that were overdiagnosed based on contemporary diagnostic criteria.
- To analyze the specific benign conditions that were misdiagnosed as bladder cancer.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 27 archival cases initially diagnosed as well-differentiated urothelial carcinoma (grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma) between 1958 and 1963.
- Analysis of patient demographics, pathological findings, and long-term follow-up data.
Main Results:
- The study identified 27 patients overdiagnosed with bladder cancer.
- Common misdiagnosed conditions included urothelial papilloma (9), inverted papilloma (5), von Brunn's nest hyperplasia (5), and papillary and polypoid cystitis (4).
- During a mean follow-up of 12.2 years, only two patients later developed low-grade urothelial carcinoma.
Conclusions:
- Benign conditions such as urothelial papilloma, inverted papilloma, von Brunn nest hyperplasia, and papillary polypoid cystitis frequently mimic bladder cancer.
- Increased awareness of these mimics is essential to prevent the overdiagnosis of bladder cancer.
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