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Related Concept Videos

Masonry Curtain Walls01:20

Masonry Curtain Walls

Masonry curtain walls employ brick or stone veneers supported by the building's structure to form an external cladding system that is both aesthetically appealing and functional. These walls are erected through two principal techniques, first by traditional layering of masonry units and second by using prefabricated panels. Traditional construction relies on steel shelf angles attached to the spandrel beam for support, with high-bond mortars ensuring secure attachment of masonry veneer units.
Blinding01:11

Blinding

Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
Frost Action on Concrete01:27

Frost Action on Concrete

Concrete structures in cold climates, such as those along roadsides, can retain moisture. This moisture makes them susceptible to frost-related damage when temperatures fall below freezing. Adding moisture worsens the damage during temperature fluctuations, leading to repeated freezing and thawing. De-icing salts, spread over these structures to melt ice, add to the freeze-thaw cycle, and draw even more moisture into the concrete.
This freeze-thaw cycle primarily causes surface scaling, where...
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
Pascal's Law01:04

Pascal's Law

In 1653, the French philosopher and scientist Blaise Pascal published "Treatise on the Equilibrium of Liquids," which discussed the principles of static fluids. A static fluid is a fluid that is not in motion. When a fluid is not flowing, we say that the fluid is in static equilibrium. If the fluid is water, we say it is in hydrostatic equilibrium. For a fluid in static equilibrium, the net force on any part of the fluid must be zero; otherwise, the fluid will start to flow. Pascal observed...
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Vitrification of Ovarian Cortex Tissue to Achieve a Glassy State of Aggregation
05:53

Vitrification of Ovarian Cortex Tissue to Achieve a Glassy State of Aggregation

Published on: August 9, 2024

Cortex shatters the glass ceiling.

Edmund Au1, Gord Fishell

  • 1Smilow Neuroscience Program, Department of Cell Biology, NYU Langone Medical Center, 522 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Cell Stem Cell
|November 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cells can now recreate early brain development in a lab setting. This breakthrough allows for the generation of specific brain cell types, advancing developmental biology research.

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Published on: November 19, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Recreating complex developmental structures in vitro remains a significant challenge in stem cell research.
  • Previous research has explored the potential of stem cells in developmental modeling.

Discussion:

  • Recent studies demonstrate the ability of embryonic stem cells to mimic early cortical development.
  • This recapitulation enables the generation of distinct cortical subtypes from stem cells.

Key Insights:

  • Embryonic stem cells can self-organize to replicate key aspects of early brain formation.
  • Specific cortical subtypes can be generated in vitro, offering new avenues for study.

Outlook:

  • This advancement provides a powerful model for studying human brain development and neurological disorders.
  • Future research can leverage these in vitro models for drug screening and regenerative medicine applications.