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Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
What is Population Genetics?01:25

What is Population Genetics?

A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.While some alleles of a given gene might be observed commonly, other variants...
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing01:05

Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing

In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
09:34

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease

Published on: April 4, 2018

Population genetic inference from resequencing data.

Rong Jiang1, Simon Tavaré, Paul Marjoram

  • 1Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK.

Genetics
|November 6, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces statistical models for shotgun resequencing data, enabling population genetic inference and evolutionary parameter estimation from new sequencing technologies. Methods are robust to errors and can be used without a reference genome.

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Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping
13:06

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping

Published on: January 8, 2008

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
09:34

Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease

Published on: April 4, 2018

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping
13:06

Pyrosequencing: A Simple Method for Accurate Genotyping

Published on: January 8, 2008

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Population Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Shotgun resequencing technologies like Solexa, 454, and polony are increasingly used.
  • These technologies generate vast amounts of data for genetic studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop statistical models for analyzing shotgun resequencing data.
  • To enable population genetic inference and estimate evolutionary parameters using this data.
  • To address limitations of current sequencing data, such as incomplete or unaligned sequences.

Main Methods:

  • Statistical modeling of sequencing-by-synthesis data.
  • Estimation of evolutionary parameters (mutation and recombination rates).
  • Development of methods robust to sequencing errors and absence of a reference genome.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the utility of shotgun resequencing data for estimating evolutionary parameters.
  • Presented refined methods that improve robustness to sequencing errors.
  • Developed an approach applicable even without a reference genome.

Conclusions:

  • Statistical modeling provides a powerful framework for population genetic inference from shotgun resequencing data.
  • The developed methods enhance the utility of next-generation sequencing data for evolutionary studies.
  • These advancements facilitate broader applications of population genetics in research.