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Related Concept Videos

Principles Of Column Chromatography01:13

Principles Of Column Chromatography

The chromatography technique was first invented in 1901 by Michael S. Tswett, a Russian botanist, to separate plant pigments using organic solvents. Further, in 1941, Archer John Porter Martin and R. L. M. Synge modified the technique by packing silica gel into a column. A mixture of amino acids was then separated on the packed column using chloroform and water mixture as the mobile phase. This was the first report on column chromatography. At present, column chromatography is a widely used...
Chromatography: Introduction01:10

Chromatography: Introduction

Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
The phase in which the compounds linger or on which the compounds adsorb is called the stationary phase, whereas the mobile phase is the solvent that carries the solutes to be analyzed. In traditional column chromatography, the mixture flows through the stationary phase, and the compounds partition between the stationary and mobile phases...
Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography01:18

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provides a beneficial substitute for gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) for certain samples because it merges the top attributes of both techniques. SFC allows the separation and analysis of compounds that GC or LC does not easily manage. These compounds are traditionally nonvolatile or thermally unstable, making GC unsuitable and lacking functional groups required for HPLC analysis.
SFC utilizes a supercritical fluid mobile phase,...
Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications01:30

Capillary Electrophoresis: Applications

Capillary electrophoretic separations offer various modes, each with unique applications. These modes include capillary zone electrophoresis, capillary gel electrophoresis, capillary array electrophoresis, capillary isoelectric focusing, capillary isotachophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and capillary electrochromatography.
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separates ionic components based on their electrophoretic mobility. It has been used to separate proteins, amino acids,...
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Automated HPLC Separation Using LC-Mate: An Integrated Repetitive Autosampler and Fraction Collector for Microscale Purification
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Automated HPLC Separation Using LC-Mate: An Integrated Repetitive Autosampler and Fraction Collector for Microscale Purification

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Countercurrent chromatography: people and applications.

A Berthod1, M J Ruiz-Angel, S Carda-Broch

  • 1Université de Lyon, CNRS UMR, Villeurbanne, France. berthod@univ-lyon1.fr

Journal of Chromatography. A
|November 7, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) research is globally distributed, with natural product separation being its primary application. This technique is essential for purifying compounds for identification and property studies.

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Automated HPLC Separation Using LC-Mate: An Integrated Repetitive Autosampler and Fraction Collector for Microscale Purification
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is a liquid-liquid partition chromatography technique.
  • Literature analysis provides insights into the evolution and impact of CCC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze published research on countercurrent chromatography (CCC) from 1980 to May 2008.
  • To identify trends in authorship, geographical distribution, language, and applications of CCC.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted for CCC-related articles.
  • 1638 articles were analyzed focusing on author demographics and application areas.

Main Results:

  • Author distribution is balanced across the USA, Asia (China, Japan), and Europe.
  • Yoichiro Ito, the inventor, is the most prolific author.
  • Natural product separation is the dominant application, followed by pharmaceutical and chemical uses.
  • Separation of enantiomers is an emerging application.

Conclusions:

  • CCC is a well-established technique with a global research presence.
  • Its primary strength lies in the efficient separation and purification of natural compounds.
  • CCC shows growing importance in preparative enantiomer separation.