Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
08:09

Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood

Published on: February 11, 2017

Prevalence of behavioural and psychological problems in working children

Salman Bandeali1, Ahmed Jawad, Asma Azmatullah

  • 1Aga Khan University, Karachi.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|November 8, 2008
PubMed

Insights

This study found that 9.8% of working children in Karachi experience behavioral problems, with peer and conduct issues being most common. Improving their environment is crucial to prevent these psychological challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Socioeconomic Studies

Background:

  • Child labor is a significant issue in urban settings.
  • Working children face unique environmental stressors.
  • Understanding behavioral and psychological problems in this demographic is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of behavioral and psychological problems.
  • To identify the nature and types of these problems.
  • To examine working children in Karachi.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study design.
  • Targeted working children aged 11-16 in Karachi.
  • Utilized the Urdu version of the Strengths and Difficulty Questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of behavioral problems was 9.8%.
  • Peer problems (16.9%) and conduct problems (16.7%) were most common.
  • Adverse family and work environments were associated with problems.

Conclusions:

  • Interventions to improve child environments are needed.
  • Policies should aim to reduce child labor gradually.
  • Preventing psychological issues in working children requires long-term strategies.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Measuring Attentional Biases for Threat in Children and Adults08:25

Measuring Attentional Biases for Threat in Children and Adults

Published on: October 19, 2014

Related Concept Videos

Bullying02:04

Bullying

A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is bullying.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
Introduction to Psychological Disorders01:19

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
Deviant Behavior
Deviance in behavior refers to actions or thought patterns that significantly diverge from societal norms or...
Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...