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Development of modified vaccinia Ankara-5T4 as specific immunotherapy for advanced human cancer

Scott S Tykodi1, John A Thompson

  • 1Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, 825 Eastlake Avenue East, Mailstop G4-830, Seattle, WA 98109-1023, USA.

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
|November 8, 2008
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-5T4 cancer vaccine is well-tolerated and generates immune responses. Clinical trials suggest a link between MVA-5T4 immune response and positive outcomes in advanced cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The tumor-associated antigen 5T4 is prevalent in various human carcinomas with minimal expression in normal tissues.
  • Modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-5T4, a recombinant poxvirus vector, has been developed as a cancer vaccine targeting the 5T4 antigen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical studies evaluating MVA-5T4 in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
  • To assess MVA-5T4 as a monotherapy and in combination with standard cancer treatments.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes data from published manuscripts, meeting abstracts, and clinical trial registries concerning MVA-5T4.
  • The focus is on clinical studies involving patients with advanced solid tumors.

Main Results:

  • MVA-5T4 vaccination is generally well-tolerated in patients.
  • The vaccine elicits 5T4-specific humoral and/or cellular immune responses in the majority of treated individuals.
  • Retrospective analyses indicate a potential correlation between immune responses to 5T4 and favorable clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • MVA-5T4 demonstrates a favorable safety profile and immunogenicity.
  • Evidence suggests a link between immune response to 5T4 and improved clinical outcomes in cancer patients.
  • A Phase III trial is ongoing to confirm the survival benefit of MVA-5T4 in advanced RCC patients.

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