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Updated: Jun 28, 2026
Radionuclide-fluorescence Reporter Gene Imaging to Track Tumor Progression in Rodent Tumor Models
Published on: March 13, 2018
High nuclear Livin expression is a favourable prognostic indicator in renal cell carcinoma
Axel Haferkamp1, Jens Bedke, Caroline Vetter
1Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Axel_Haferkamp@med.uni-heidelberg.de
Objectives:
To assess the protein expression of Livin, an apoptosis inhibitor, in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to determine its prognostic relevance.
Patients And Methods:
Immunohistochemical staining for Livin was performed in tissue microarrays (TMAs), including tumour tissue cores, from patients with RCC who had undergone renal surgery. In 682 TMAs cytoplasmatic staining intensity and nuclear staining quantity were evaluated, and the association of Livin expression with progression-free survival (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was analysed with a multivariate Cox regression model.
Results:
Over a median (range) follow-up of 5.2 (0-16.1) years, 204 patients (28%) had died from their disease. The CSS rates at 1 and 5 years for the entire cohort was 88% and 71%. Cytoplasmatic Livin staining was absent in 516 (76%) specimens; staining was positive in 166 (24%) specimens. Weak nuclear Livin staining (
Conclusion:
High nuclear Livin expression is a favourable independent predictor of PFS and CSS in patients with RCC.
