Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions
05:41

Synchronous Triplanar Reconstruction Integrated with Color Doppler Mapping for Precise and Rapid Localization of Thyroid Lesions

Published on: February 9, 2024

Is delayed diagnosis of hypothyroidism still a problem in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Bushra Abdul Malik1, Muhammad Asghar Butt

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad.

JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
|November 13, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Delayed diagnosis of hypothyroidism in children leads to developmental delay and other symptoms. Early detection through cost-effective neonatal screening is crucial for preventing long-term health issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatal Health

Background:

  • Hypothyroidism diagnosis often occurs late in childhood.
  • Delayed diagnosis can lead to significant developmental and physical impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Determine the age of hypothyroidism diagnosis in children.
  • Assess the impact of delayed diagnosis on clinical presentation.
  • Highlight the importance of early diagnosis via neonatal screening.

Main Methods:

  • Descriptive case series.
  • Included 100 pediatric patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism (birth to 12 years).
  • Analyzed age at presentation and age-related clinical features.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis age ranged from birth to 16 years; 42% diagnosed between 1-5 years.
  • Congenital hypothyroidism accounted for 92% of cases.
  • Common symptoms included developmental delay (66%), constipation (51%), and lethargy (37%).

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis of hypothyroidism through neonatal screening is essential.
  • Timely treatment can prevent adverse outcomes associated with delayed diagnosis.
  • Neonatal screening is a cost-effective strategy for early detection.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...