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Related Concept Videos

Dosage Regimen: Individualization01:24

Dosage Regimen: Individualization

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Individualization in dosing regimens is the customization of medication doses for individual patients. Its necessity arises from the goal of maximizing therapeutic benefits while minimizing risks. This approach is pivotal because human responses to drugs can vary widely; what is effective for one person may be inadequate or excessive for another. Interpatient (intersubject) variability refers to differences in drug responses between individuals, while intrapatient (intrasubject) variability...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Nursing Ethical Principles II01:27

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Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
Consider the following scenario, which illustrates how these principles are applied in the care of Mr. John, a fifty-year-old teacher diagnosed with metastatic liver cancer.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Celecoxib With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer Might Worsen Outcomes Differentially by COX-2 Expression and ER Status: Exploratory Analysis of the REMAGUS02 Trial.

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Profiling Sensitivity to Targeted Therapies in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patient-Derived Organoids
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[Individualized anticancer therapies: which regulatory guidelines?].

Naima Bedairia1, Michel Marty

  • 1Centre des innovations thérapeutiques en oncologie et hématologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers guidelines for evaluating anticancer drugs in humans. It defines key terms like genomic biomarkers, pharmacogenomics, and pharmacogenetics for consistent research.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics
  • Oncology Drug Development
  • Biomarker Discovery

Context:

  • Standardized evaluation of anticancer medicinal products is crucial.
  • Clear definitions for genomic biomarkers, pharmacogenomics, and pharmacogenetics are needed.
  • Consistent data and sample coding are essential for regulatory compliance.

Purpose:

  • To summarize current guidelines for evaluating anticancer drugs in human subjects.
  • To provide clear definitions for key terms in genomic biomarker research.
  • To establish standardized categories for genomic data and sample coding.

Summary:

  • The review outlines guidelines for clinical evaluation of anticancer therapeutics.
  • It defines FDA-validated genomic biomarkers, pharmacogenomics, and pharmacogenetics.
  • Standardized approaches to genomic data and sample coding are discussed.

Impact:

  • Facilitates consistent and reproducible research in oncology.
  • Aids in the development and regulatory approval of targeted anticancer therapies.
  • Promotes a unified understanding of genomic data in clinical trials.