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Cranial and Spinal Meninges

Cranial and Spinal Meninges

The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...

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Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells

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Cryptococcal meningitis presenting as pseudosubarachnoid hemorrhage.

Romy Hoque¹, Eduardo Gonzalez-Toledo, Stephen L Jaffe

¹Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA. romy.hoque@gmail.com

Southern Medical Journal

|November 14, 2008

Summary

Cryptococcal meningitis can mimic subarachnoid hemorrhage, presenting with neurological and ocular symptoms. Prompt cerebrospinal fluid analysis is crucial for diagnosing this fungal infection and its associated retinal inflammation.

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A Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

A Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Published on: November 21, 2013

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Neurology
Ophthalmology

Background:

Cryptococcal meningitis is a serious fungal infection, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
It can present with varied neurological symptoms, sometimes mimicking other conditions.
Ocular manifestations are common but may be overlooked.

Observation:

A 50-year-old male presented with headache, confusion, and visual loss.
Neuroimaging revealed findings suggestive of subarachnoid hemorrhage and ischemic infarction.
Funduscopy showed bilateral multifocal choroidal lesions and retinal perivascular sheathing.

Findings:

Cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed cryptococcal meningitis with high antigen titers.
The patient had a 1 cm cerebral abscess and cortical inflammation.
Ocular findings included choroidal microabscesses and retinal inflammation.

Implications:

This case highlights the importance of considering cryptococcal meningitis in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage-like presentations.
Early diagnosis and treatment are vital to prevent severe neurological and visual complications.
Integrated neuro-ophthalmic evaluation is essential for comprehensive patient management.