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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow glass...
Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
Embryonic Connective Tissues01:20

Embryonic Connective Tissues

During early development, the embryo forms two types of connective tissues— the mesenchyme and mucoid connective tissue.
The mesenchyme is the first connective tissue that emerges in the developing embryo. It consists of loosely arranged multipotent mesenchymal cells and reticular fibers in the extracellular matrix. This loose arrangement allows easy migration of cells, which is essential for germ layer positioning, patterning, and organ morphogenesis during embryonic development. Mesenchyme is...
Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose, and...
Anchoring Junctions01:03

Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
Adherens Junctions01:24

Adherens Junctions

Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
Adherens Junctions are Dynamic
The endothelial cells...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Dissection and Explant Culture of Murine Allantois for the In Vitro Analysis of Allantoic Attachment
09:30

Dissection and Explant Culture of Murine Allantois for the In Vitro Analysis of Allantoic Attachment

Published on: January 13, 2018

Amniotic fluid adhesion molecules during parturition at term.

Birgit Kemp1, Ulrike von Rango, Anja Brehme

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, RWTH Aachen, Germany. bkemp@ukaachen.de

Journal of Perinatal Medicine
|November 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Amniotic fluid levels of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule (ELAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) do not significantly change during term labor. Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) levels decline, potentially transferring to the uterus.

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In Vitro Culture of Epithelial Cells from Different Anatomical Regions of the Human Amniotic Membrane
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In Vitro Culture of Epithelial Cells from Different Anatomical Regions of the Human Amniotic Membrane

Published on: November 28, 2019

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

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Published on: January 13, 2018

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
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In Vitro Culture of Epithelial Cells from Different Anatomical Regions of the Human Amniotic Membrane
10:00

In Vitro Culture of Epithelial Cells from Different Anatomical Regions of the Human Amniotic Membrane

Published on: November 28, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Immunology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Adhesion molecules like ICAM-1, ELAM-1, and VCAM-1 are elevated in the lower uterine segment during term parturition.
  • Their presence in fetal membranes also increases, suggesting a role in labor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in amniotic fluid levels of ELAM-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 during normal term parturition.
  • To determine if amniotic fluid adhesion molecule concentrations correlate with cervical dilatation or labor duration.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme immunoassay was used to measure ELAM-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in amniotic fluid from 35 term cesarean section patients.
  • Patients were grouped by cervical dilatation (<2 cm, 2-<4 cm, 4-6 cm, >6 cm) and labor duration (0 h, >0 h).
  • Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA and unpaired t-test.

Main Results:

  • Amniotic fluid ELAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels did not correlate with cervical dilatation or labor duration.
  • ICAM-1 showed a trend towards decline with advanced cervical dilatation (P=0.06) and a significant decline with labor (P=0.046).

Conclusions:

  • Unlike adhesion molecules in the lower uterine segment, amniotic fluid ELAM-1 and VCAM-1 do not significantly increase during parturition.
  • The observed decrease in amniotic fluid ICAM-1 may indicate its transfer to other compartments, potentially aiding labor and cervical dilation.