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Related Concept Videos

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

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Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors

Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...
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Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...

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A Freeze-Thawing Method to Prepare Chitosan-Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels Without Crosslinking Agents and Diflunisal Release Studies
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A general code to predict the drug release kinetics from different shaped matrices.

Anna Angela Barba1, Matteo d'Amore, Serafina Chirico

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences : Official Journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences
|November 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study models drug release from oral hydrogel matrices, accounting for water uptake, swelling, diffusion, and erosion. The developed numerical code accurately simulates these complex processes for various geometries.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Computational Modeling
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Modeling drug release from solid matrices is crucial for oral drug delivery systems.
  • Hydrogel-based matrices exhibit complex behaviors including swelling and erosion, significantly impacting drug release kinetics.
  • Accurate simulation of these phenomena is essential for optimizing drug delivery formulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a generalized numerical code for modeling drug release from hydrogel matrices.
  • To incorporate key phenomena such as water uptake, gel swelling, drug diffusion, and polymer erosion into the model.
  • To simulate drug release across various matrix geometries.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of transient mass balance equations for both drug and water.
  • Development of a generalized numerical code capable of handling multiple geometries (slab, sphere, cylinders).
  • Validation of the code against analytical solutions and experimental data from literature.

Main Results:

  • The numerical code successfully models the coupled phenomena of water uptake, swelling, drug diffusion, and polymer erosion.
  • The model demonstrates applicability to different matrix geometries, including an approximation for finite cylinders.
  • Code validation confirmed its accuracy in predicting drug release profiles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed numerical code provides a robust tool for simulating drug release from hydrogel matrices.
  • The model's ability to capture swelling and erosion phenomena enhances its predictive power for oral drug delivery.
  • This modeling approach can aid in the rational design and optimization of pharmaceutical formulations.