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Related Concept Videos

Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...
Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Microbial Phylogeny01:28

Microbial Phylogeny

Understanding the evolutionary relationships among microorganisms is fundamental to microbial ecology and taxonomy. Phylogenetic trees are essential tools for inferring these relationships, relying primarily on comparative analyses of molecular sequences such as DNA, RNA, or proteins. In microbial studies, these trees typically depict the evolutionary paths of diverse bacterial and archaeal species by mapping genetic differences accumulated over time.Phylogenetic trees are composed of tips,...
Phylogeny01:23

Phylogeny

Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire...
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Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...

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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

Supertrees join the mainstream of phylogenetics.

James A Cotton1, Mark Wilkinson

  • 1School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK. j.a.cotton@qmul.ac.uk

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|November 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

New statistical models address concerns with supertree methods for building comprehensive phylogenies. This approach enables hypothesis-testing in phylogenetic inference, crucial for genomic data analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Phylogenetics
  • Computational Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Supertree methods are widely used for constructing large phylogenies but face challenges regarding their adequacy.
  • Existing supertree approaches may not fully capture the complexity of evolutionary relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel statistical model for supertree inference that accounts for incongruence between phylogenetic trees.
  • To enable advanced phylogenetic analyses, such as hypothesis-testing and model-choice, within the supertree framework.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a statistical model of incongruence between phylogenetic trees.
  • Application of maximum-likelihood principles to supertree construction.
  • Integration of hypothesis-testing and model-choice methodologies.

Main Results:

  • The proposed model allows for statistical assessment of incongruence in supertree construction.
  • Maximum-likelihood supertree inference is enabled, enhancing analytical rigor.
  • The approach facilitates the application of established phylogenetic techniques to supertree data.

Conclusions:

  • The new statistical model offers a more robust approach to supertree construction.
  • This methodology enhances the utility of supertrees for hypothesis-testing in phylogenetics.
  • The approach holds significant potential for future phylogenetic inference, particularly with large-scale genomic data.