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Foreign bodies in the airway: a quarter of a century's experience

Juliana Roda1, Susana Nobre, Jorge Pires

  • 1Paediatrics, Hospital Pediátrico de Coimbra, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra.

Revista Portuguesa De Pneumologia
|November 22, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Foreign body aspiration in children is a common risk. This study found most cases involved young males, with vegetable matter being the most common foreign body (FB). Early diagnosis is crucial for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Foreign body (FB) aspiration in children presents a significant risk for morbidity.
  • Characterizing pediatric FB aspiration is essential for clinical management and prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze foreign body aspiration cases in children over a 25-year period at a specific pediatric hospital.
  • To identify trends, common objects, and diagnostic challenges in pediatric foreign body aspiration.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical files for children diagnosed with foreign body aspiration from 1982 to 2006.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, symptoms, diagnostic findings, treatment, and complications.

Main Results:

  • 316 cases of foreign body aspiration were confirmed, with a higher incidence in the first 12 years of the study.
  • Most affected children were males under 3 years old, with vegetable matter being the most frequent aspirated object (75%).
  • Early diagnosis (<24h) was achieved in only 39% of cases, with unilateral diminished breath sounds and cough being common symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Unnoticed foreign body aspiration and non-specific symptoms often lead to delayed diagnosis.
  • A decrease in cases over later years suggests the effectiveness of preventive strategies.
  • Rigid bronchoscopy was the primary treatment, with complications noted in 22 cases.
Abstract

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