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Deciphering morphology in Triatominae: the evolutionary signals.

J P Dujardin1, J Costa, D Bustamante

  • 1UMR IRD-CNRS, Agropolis, Montpellier, France. Jean-pierre.Dujardin@ird.fr

Acta Tropica
|November 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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Morphological plasticity in Triatominae (kissing bugs) may drive speciation. This phenotypic flexibility, while intraspecific, can lead to distinct ecotypes and potentially new species through disruptive selection.

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Entomology
  • Speciation Research

Background:

  • Triatominae species exhibit significant morphological plasticity, causing taxonomic challenges and debates.
  • This variability has historically led to questions regarding subspecies, species, and even genus classifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of morphological plasticity in Triatominae speciation.
  • To propose a model where phenotypic flexibility contributes to evolutionary divergence and new species formation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing taxonomic data and literature on Triatominae morphology.
  • Theoretical argumentation based on evolutionary principles, focusing on developmental canalization and selection regimes.

Main Results:

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  • Morphological plasticity is primarily an intraspecific trait but has the potential for evolutionary change.
  • Disruptive selection acting on species with low developmental canalization can create distinct ecotypes.
  • These ecotypes may possess evolutionary significance even with ongoing gene flow, potentially leading to speciation.

Conclusions:

  • Triatominae speciation may arise from disruptive selection coupled with weak developmental canalization.
  • Morphological plasticity, considered an intraspecific trait, can be a common evolutionary pathway to new species.
  • Accidental events, such as heterosis, may accelerate these speciation processes.