Factors Influencing Healthcare Utilization Among Patients at Three Free Clinics.

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Health Services Research
• Healthcare Disparities

Background:

• Despite advancements, significant health disparities persist for uninsured populations.
• Understanding healthcare-seeking behaviors is crucial for improving access and equity.
• Free clinics play a vital role in the safety net for underserved communities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify factors influencing healthcare-seeking behaviors among patients at urban free clinics.
• To understand the utilization patterns of free clinics and other healthcare facilities.

Main Methods:

• A survey was administered to 323 patients across three free clinics in an urban Florida community.
• Survey instruments were developed based on established healthcare utilization factors and validated by a focus group.
• Statistical analyses included Chi-square, Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact tests, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman's rho.

Main Results:

• Free clinic visit frequency correlated positively with female gender, Hispanic ethnicity, higher income, and poorer health status.
• Black race was associated with less frequent visits, while employment influenced seeking care at other clinics.
• Patients cited proximity and availability of services not offered at free clinics as primary reasons for seeking care elsewhere.

Conclusions:

• Free clinic utilization is influenced by a combination of demographic, socioeconomic, and community-specific factors.
• Free clinics should consider these determinants in their service delivery models.
• Student-run free clinics (SRFCs) require further evaluation regarding their role within the broader healthcare safety net.