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Antibiotic resistance patterns of pediatric community-acquired urinary infections

Eliana Biondi Medeiros Guidoni1, Eitan N Berezin, Stanley Nigro

  • 1Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculty of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
|November 26, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogens, primarily E. coli, show high resistance to ampicillin and TMP/SMX. This highlights the need for updated antimicrobial resistance knowledge for effective UTI treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns in urinary tract infection (UTI) pathogens are critical for guiding effective therapeutic strategies.
  • Understanding local AMR trends is essential for optimizing antibiotic selection in pediatric UTI cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of common UTI-causing bacteria in pediatric patients over two distinct time periods.
  • To identify the predominant pathogens and their susceptibility profiles to various antibiotics.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of urinary isolates from pediatric UTI cases at Santa Casa University Hospital of São Paulo.
  • Bacterial identification using conventional methods and antimicrobial susceptibility testing via Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method.

Main Results:

  • Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the predominant pathogen (77%) in pediatric UTIs.
  • High resistance rates were observed for ampicillin (55%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) (51%).
  • E. coli demonstrated lower resistance to nitrofurantoin (6%), ciprofloxacin (4%), and aminoglycosides (2%).

Conclusions:

  • E. coli remains the primary cause of community-acquired UTIs in the studied pediatric population.
  • A concerning increase in resistance to TMP/SMX was noted over the study period.
  • Continuous monitoring of AMR patterns is crucial for evidence-based UTI management.

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