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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview

Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation
07:52

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

Dendritic cells in rhinitis.

Alex Kleinjan1, Bart N Lambrecht

  • 1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus M.C, Dr. Molerwaterplein, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. a.kleinjan@erasmusmc.nl

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology
|November 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in rhinitis and sinusitis, influencing immune responses. Understanding DC roles offers potential therapeutic targets for these upper airway diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are key antigen-presenting cells in the immune system.
  • Rhinitis and sinusitis encompass a range of upper airway inflammatory conditions.
  • DCs are implicated in the immunological outcomes of various rhinitis and sinusitis types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the involvement of dendritic cells in rhinitis and sinusitis.
  • To explore the mechanisms of DC function in these diseases.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies targeting DCs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on DCs in human and animal models of rhinitis and sinusitis.
  • Evaluation of current research on DC immunological roles.
  • Analysis of mechanisms for therapeutic intervention.

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Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry
11:02

Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry

Published on: January 20, 2017

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation
07:52

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry
11:02

Human Lung Dendritic Cells: Spatial Distribution and Phenotypic Identification in Endobronchial Biopsies Using Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry

Published on: January 20, 2017

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
06:08

Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay

Published on: September 22, 2023

Main Results:

  • Dendritic cells play a significant role across the spectrum of rhinitis and sinusitis.
  • DCs are pivotal in initiating T-cell responses relevant to upper airway diseases.
  • Evidence highlights DCs' involvement from allergic rhinitis to viral infections and chronic sinusitis.

Conclusions:

  • Dendritic cells are central to the immunopathogenesis of rhinitis and sinusitis.
  • Targeting dendritic cell functions presents a promising avenue for therapeutic development.
  • Further research into DC mechanisms can lead to novel treatments for upper airway inflammatory conditions.