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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
Published on: August 29, 2025
[Questionnaire of perceived quality (QQP): a study on the differences of gender]
A Coluccia1, R Cioffi, F Ferretti
1Centro di Soddisfazione dell'Utenza, Policlinico Universitario Le Scotte, Siena, Italy.
Abstract:
In the present paper we analyze the psychometric properties of an Italian questionnaire measuring the perceived quality of health services (Questionnaire of Perceived Quality; Coluccia, Ferretti, Lorini, Calamai, 2002). Subjects answered 14 questions subdivided into four factors (i.e. Satisfaction regarding Medical Doctors, Nurses, Auxiliary Staff, and Hospital Structure). We administered the questionnaire to 1,600 patients in the "Le Scotte" Hospital of Siena. According to structural equation modeling, we studied the dimensionality of the questionnaire using confirmatory factor analysis and, successively, we studied differences in gender using Multi-sample analysis. Results show significant gender differences for two dimensions (i.e. Satisfaction regarding Nurses and Satisfaction regarding Hospital Structures). Females, compared to males, express more negative evaluations in these two factors.
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