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Related Concept Videos

Variation01:19

Variation

An important characteristic of any set of data is the variation in the data. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in other data sets, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean. The most common measure of variation, or spread, is the standard deviation, which is the square root of variance.
When independent and dependent variables are plotted on a scatter plot, the slope of a line is a value that describes the rate of change between the two...
What is Variation?01:14

What is Variation?

Apart from the measures of central tendency, distribution, outliers, and the changing characteristics of data with time, an important characteristic of any data set is its variation or spread. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in others, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean.
The range, standard deviation, standard error, and variance are the different measures of variation.
Range: The range is the difference between its maximum and...
Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
Copy number variations or CNVs are the structural variations that cover more than 1kb of DNA sequence. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), on the other hand, is a single nucleotide change or a point mutation that is found in more than 1%...
Variability: Analysis01:11

Variability: Analysis

Measures of variability are statistical metrics that reveal the dispersion pattern within a dataset. They are pivotal in biostatistics, providing insights into the heterogeneity within health and biological data. Variability signifies the degree to which data points diverge from one another, helping researchers understand the potential range of values and associated uncertainty within the data.
The range is a simple measure of variability, indicating the difference between the highest and...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
Circuit Terminology01:14

Circuit Terminology

An electrical network is a system composed of interconnected elements, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and voltage or current sources. Unlike a circuit, an electrical network does not necessarily form a closed path. In other words, while all circuits can be considered networks due to their interconnected nature, not every network qualifies as a circuit.
A circuit, on the other hand, is also an interconnected system of electrical elements but must contain one or more closed paths.

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

[PCNL: technical variations].

C Saussine1, E Lechevallier, O Traxer

  • 1Service d'urologie, hôpital Civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France. Christian.Saussine@chru-strasbourg.fr

Progres En Urologie : Journal De L'Association Francaise D'Urologie Et De La Societe Francaise D'Urologie
|November 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has evolved with techniques like miniperc and supine positioning. While miniperc is not yet recommended, supine PCNL may reduce injury in specific cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery

Context:

  • Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has undergone various technical modifications since its inception.
  • Miniperc, utilizing smaller instruments (11-20Fr), is a notable modification but lacks recommendation.
  • Supine positioning represents another modification to the traditional prone PCNL approach.

Purpose:

  • To review technical modifications in percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
  • To evaluate the potential benefits and current status of miniperc and supine PCNL.

Summary:

  • Miniperc, a variation of PCNL using smaller scopes and sheaths (11-20Fr), is currently not recommended.
  • Supine positioning in PCNL is discussed as a modification that may reduce surgical injury and is suitable for specific patient indications.

Impact:

  • Highlights the evolving landscape of PCNL techniques.
  • Suggests supine PCNL as a potentially beneficial option for select cases, warranting further investigation.