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Hydrogen peroxide, blanching, and skin: an overview
Heidi P Chan1, Howard I Maibach
1Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0989, USA. heidichan0220@yahoo.com
Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology
|November 28, 2008
Summary
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a common antiseptic that causes temporary skin blanching. This report explains the likely mechanisms behind this H2O2-induced skin whitening phenomenon.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Dermatology
- Wound Care
Background:
- Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been utilized as an antiseptic for over 100 years.
- A 3% H2O2 solution is frequently employed for minor wound irrigation, characterized by oxygen bubble formation and transient skin blanching.
- The H2O2-induced skin blanching effect often causes alarm among users.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the probable mechanisms responsible for H2O2-induced skin blanching.
- To address user concerns regarding the transient skin whitening effect of hydrogen peroxide.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on the physiological effects of hydrogen peroxide on skin.
- Analysis of biochemical reactions occurring upon H2O2 application to dermal tissues.
- Correlation of observed phenomena (oxygen bubbles, blanching) with known H2O2 properties.
Main Results:
- H2O2 decomposition releases oxygen, contributing to bubbling.
- Transient vasoconstriction of superficial dermal blood vessels is a likely cause of skin blanching.
- The blanching is a temporary effect related to H2O2's oxidative properties.
Conclusions:
- H2O2-induced skin blanching is a predictable physiological response.
- Understanding the mechanisms can alleviate user apprehension regarding this common antiseptic.
- The transient nature of the blanching indicates no long-term dermal damage.
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