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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Polymers02:34

Polymers

The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, high molecular...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Poly(ethylene glycol) and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation
15:33

Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Poly(ethylene glycol) and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation

Published on: October 29, 2013

Synthesis of functional polymers by post-polymerization modification.

Marc A Gauthier1, Matthew I Gibson, Harm-Anton Klok

  • 1Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut des Matériaux, Laboratoire des Polymères, Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|December 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Post-polymerization modification utilizes monomers with inert handles for controlled functionalization. This versatile technique allows quantitative conversion into diverse functional groups under mild conditions.

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Microwave-assisted Functionalization of Poly(ethylene glycol) and On-resin Peptides for Use in Chain Polymerizations and Hydrogel Formation
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis

Background:

  • Post-polymerization modification offers a versatile route to functional polymers.
  • Chemoselective handles enable orthogonal transformations after polymerization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review reactive polymer precursors with chemoselective handles.
  • To discuss the preparation and modification of these polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Direct polymerization of functionalized monomers.
  • Quantitative conversion of inert handles into desired functional groups.
  • Orthogonal modification reactions under mild conditions.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated excellent conversions and functional group tolerance.
  • Highlighted the preparation of reactive polymer precursors.
  • Showcased the synthesis of diverse functional polymers via post-modification.

Conclusions:

  • Post-polymerization modification is a powerful strategy for creating functional polymers.
  • The method's success relies on efficient, mild, and orthogonal reactions.