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Low-grade gingival leiomyosarcoma in a child.

Elismauro Francisco Mendonça1, Clóvis Martins da Silva, Alexandre João Meneghini

  • 1Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), Dental School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil. elismaur@odonto.ufg.br

Journal of Dentistry for Children (Chicago, Ill.)
|December 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This case report details a rare childhood oral cavity leiomyosarcoma (LMS) in a 9-year-old girl. The study highlights the unusual presentation and diagnosis of this low-grade smooth-muscle tumor in the gingiva.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Oral Pathology
  • Pediatric Neoplasms

Background:

  • Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare mesenchymal tumor originating from smooth muscle.
  • Childhood oral LMS is exceptionally uncommon, with the gastrointestinal tract being the most frequent site.
  • This paper focuses on a unique case of LMS in the gingival tissues and mandible of a child.

Observation:

  • A 9-year-old girl presented with a gingival growth near a primary mandibular molar, initially mimicking inflammatory conditions like pyogenic granuloma.
  • Clinical and radiographic examinations showed features suggestive of an inflammatory lesion.
  • The growth was surgically removed via excisional biopsy.

Findings:

  • Microscopic examination revealed a hypercellular proliferation of mesenchymal spindle cells, indicating a malignant spindle cell neoplasm.
  • Advanced studies including immunohistochemistry, histochemistry, and radiography were performed.
  • The final diagnosis confirmed a low-grade leiomyosarcoma of the gingiva.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering rare malignancies in pediatric oral lesions, even those with initial inflammatory features.
  • The peculiar clinical, microscopic, and radiographic characteristics emphasize the need for thorough diagnostic evaluation.
  • Accurate diagnosis of pediatric oral LMS is crucial for appropriate treatment and management strategies.