Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026
07:02
Studying the Effects of Temperature on the Nucleation and Growth of Nanoparticles by Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy
Published on: February 17, 2021
Kinetics and microstructure associated with nonisothermal nucleation and growth processes
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA. jmr6@lehigh.edu
The Journal of Chemical Physics
|December 3, 2008
Summary
Nonisothermal conditions significantly affect phase transformation kinetics and microstructure. Simulations and theoretical models reveal how heating rates influence grain area and transformation dynamics, aligning with experimental findings.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Physical Chemistry
- Computational Physics
Background:
- First-order phase transformations are fundamental in materials processing.
- Understanding nonisothermal effects is crucial for controlling material properties.
- Existing models often simplify thermal conditions, limiting predictive accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of nonisothermal conditions on phase transformation kinetics.
- To analyze the evolution of microstructure during phase transitions under varying heating rates.
- To bridge simulation results with experimental observations.
Main Methods:
- Utilized N-fold Monte Carlo simulations for kinetic analysis.
- Employed correlation function formalism to describe microstructural evolution.
- Calculated microstructural descriptors, specifically grain area.
- Compared simulation data with theoretical predictions and experimental data (calorimetry, microscopy).
Main Results:
- Demonstrated a direct correlation between heating rates and microstructural development.
- Quantified the influence of nonisothermal conditions on transformation kinetics.
- Validated simulation results against theoretical models and experimental measurements.
- Identified key microstructural descriptors sensitive to thermal history.
Conclusions:
- Nonisothermal conditions play a critical role in determining the kinetics and microstructure of first-order phase transformations.
- The simulation approach provides a robust framework for predicting microstructural evolution under dynamic thermal conditions.
- The study enhances the understanding of phase transformation mechanisms relevant to materials engineering and processing.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization
Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent – the...
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent – the...
01:10Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria
Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
01:23Microtubule Formation
Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo continuous assembly and disassembly. They originate from specialized multi-protein complexes known as microtubule organizing centers or MTOCs. Within the MTOC, the point of origin of the microtubule is known as the minus end, while the end radiating outward is the plus end. Microtubules serve two primary functions — the organization of spindle complexes to separate sister chromatids during mitotic or meiotic cell division and the formation of...
01:12Precipitation Processes
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
01:17Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, high molecular...
02:14SN2 Reaction: Kinetics
Kinetic Studies and Significance
In a chemical reaction, a relationship exists between the concentration of reactants and the rate at which the reaction proceeds. The study to measure this relationship is known as the kinetics of a chemical reaction. Kinetic studies are used to deduce the rate law of a chemical reaction, which provides information about the species involved during the transition state of the rate-determining step. Thus, kinetic studies help to derive the mechanism of a reaction.
In a chemical reaction, a relationship exists between the concentration of reactants and the rate at which the reaction proceeds. The study to measure this relationship is known as the kinetics of a chemical reaction. Kinetic studies are used to deduce the rate law of a chemical reaction, which provides information about the species involved during the transition state of the rate-determining step. Thus, kinetic studies help to derive the mechanism of a reaction.