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Shaziela Ishak1, Karen E Adolph, Grace C Lin

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Accurate perception of affordances, or action possibilities, is key for adaptive motor decisions. This study reveals that people adjust their reaching actions to match their body size and environmental constraints, even with prosthetics.

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Area of Science:

  • * Cognitive Psychology
  • * Motor Control
  • * Human Factors

Background:

  • * Affordances represent action possibilities defined by the actor-environment relationship.
  • * Accurate detection of affordances is crucial for adaptive motor behavior.
  • * Understanding how individuals perceive and act on affordances informs the design of human-computer interactions and assistive technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the correspondence between motor decisions and perceived affordances during reaching tasks.
  • * To examine how factors like body scaling, practice, and altered body dimensions influence affordance perception and motor execution.
  • * To determine the reliability and recalibration of motor decisions in relation to environmental constraints.

Main Methods:

  • * A psychophysical procedure was employed to determine individual affordance thresholds for reaching through apertures of varying sizes.
  • * Participants performed reaching tasks with dominant and non-dominant hands, and with a hand-enlarging prosthesis.
  • * Motor decisions were analyzed in relation to estimated affordance thresholds across different experimental conditions.

Main Results:

  • * Participants demonstrated accurate scaling of motor decisions to their hand size and environmental constraints.
  • * Motor decision accuracy remained consistent between the dominant and non-dominant hands, suggesting minimal impact of habitual practice.
  • * Individuals successfully recalibrated their motor decisions when body dimensions changed, as evidenced by performance with a prosthesis.
  • * Errors in judging aperture size were more common when apertures were too small, likely due to a lower penalty for such errors.

Conclusions:

  • * Motor decisions are tightly coupled with the perception of affordances, enabling adaptive action.
  • * The human motor system exhibits robust recalibration capabilities in response to changes in body dimensions and environmental affordances.
  • * The findings highlight the importance of accurate affordance perception for effective motor control and adaptive behavior.