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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune system...
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...

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Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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Published on: October 17, 2025

Allergies and childhood leukemia.

Jeffrey S Chang1, Joseph L Wiemels, Patricia A Buffler

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 44 Page Street, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-1215, USA. jeffrey.chang@ucsf.edu

Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases
|December 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Allergies and childhood leukemia show an inverse association, possibly due to shared immune mechanisms like the hygiene hypothesis. This review explores immune cells

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Published on: February 9, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Studies suggest an inverse relationship between allergies and childhood leukemia.
  • The "hygiene hypothesis" proposes shared immune mechanisms underlying both conditions.
  • Understanding these immune pathways is crucial for explaining the observed association.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of specific immune cells (Th1, Th2, T regulatory, Th17) in allergy development.
  • To explore the potential connection between these immune cells and the etiology of childhood leukemia.
  • To discuss the utility of genetic and molecular studies in elucidating these biological mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current knowledge on immune cell involvement in allergies and leukemia.
  • Analysis of existing studies investigating the hygiene hypothesis in relation to both conditions.
  • Discussion of genetic and molecular approaches for mechanistic insights.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests distinct roles for Th1, Th2, T regulatory, and Th17 cells in allergic diseases.
  • These immune responses may indirectly influence childhood leukemia development.
  • Genetic and molecular data are essential for confirming these links and understanding causality.

Conclusions:

  • The association between allergies and childhood leukemia is likely mediated by complex immune system interactions.
  • Further research into specific immune cell functions and genetic factors is needed.
  • Elucidating these mechanisms could offer new perspectives on leukemia prevention and treatment.