Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Parecoxib, propacetamol, and their combination for analgesia after total hip arthroplasty: a randomized non-inferiority trial.

Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·2016

Same author

Influence of Propofol on the Mood - a comparative study.

Acta neuropsychiatrica·2016

Same author

Facing acid-base disorders in the third millennium - the Stewart approach revisited.

International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease·2014

Same author

Boerhaave's Syndrome: Still a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge in the 21st Century.

Case reports in critical care·2014

Same author

Phosphate induced crystal acute kidney injury - an under-recognized cause of acute kidney injury potentially leading to chronic kidney disease: case report and review of the literature.

International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease·2013

Same author

Abdominal wall desmoid tumours.

Acta chirurgica Belgica·2013

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Published on: September 20, 2024

Frey's syndrome after elective thyroidectomy: a case report.

V Van Gorp¹, G Verfaillie, C Verborgh

¹Department of Anaesthesiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium. Viola.vangorp@az.vub.ac.be

Acta Chirurgica Belgica

|December 5, 2008

Summary

This case report details a rare instance of Frey's syndrome, a condition causing facial flushing, occurring after a thyroidectomy. The symptoms resolved spontaneously without intervention, highlighting a self-limiting presentation.

More Related Videos

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach

Published on: November 28, 2025

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Minimal Invasive Resection of Large Retrosternal Thyroid Goiter

Published on: September 20, 2024

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach

"Sun's Seven-Step Technique" for Endoscopic En-Bloc Resection of Thyroid Cancer via the Chest-Breast Approach

Published on: November 28, 2025

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Mixed Reality Assisted Radical Endoscopic Thyroidectomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

Area of Science:

Neurology
Otolaryngology
Endocrinology

Background:

Frey's syndrome is characterized by unilateral facial flushing and sweating.
It typically results from aberrant nerve regeneration after parotid surgery or injury to the parotid or sympathetic trunk.

Observation:

A 41-year-old woman developed unilateral facial redness post-thyroidectomy under general anesthesia.
Vital signs remained stable, and there were no signs of infection.
Symptoms resolved spontaneously within hours without treatment.

Findings:

This case presents a self-limiting form of Frey's syndrome.
The syndrome was likely triggered by irritation of the cervical sympathetic trunk during thyroidectomy.
This differs from typical causes related to parotid gland manipulation.

Implications:

Suggests that thyroidectomy, particularly involving the cervical sympathetic trunk, can precipitate transient Frey's syndrome.
Highlights the importance of considering less common causes and presentations of Frey's syndrome.
This finding may inform surgical approaches and patient monitoring after thyroid procedures.