Imaging of the orbit

This article provides guidance to neurologists as to when to suspect an orbital pathology and for appropriate investigative imaging. In achieving this goal, neurologically relevant anatomic structures of the orbit are discussed first. Second, some of the orbital imaging modalities are detailed, concentrating on MRI. Third, symptoms and signs that should prompt neurologists to request imaging study of the orbit are considered. Fourth, typical imaging findings in some of the most frequent neurologic diseases affecting the orbit are described, where imaging has diagnostic value.