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Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Trichomoniasis01:18

Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.
Bacterial Phylum Chlamydiae01:29

Bacterial Phylum Chlamydiae

The phylum Chlamydiae or Chlamydiota is composed of a single order, Chlamydiales. This phylum consists entirely of obligate intracellular parasites that infect eukaryotic hosts. While human pathogens within this group have been studied extensively, the phylum encompasses many species capable of interacting with various eukaryotic organisms. Members of Chlamydiae are typically small cocci, approximately 0.5 μm in diameter, and exhibit a distinctive developmental cycle. As is characteristic of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow
10:44

Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow

Published on: August 15, 2025

Effectiveness of chlamydia screening: systematic review.

Nicola Low1, Nicole Bender, Linda Nartey

  • 1Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Finkenhubelweg 11, Bern, CH-3012, Switzerland. low@ispm.unibe.ch

International Journal of Epidemiology
|December 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Chlamydia screening programs aim to reduce transmission and reproductive harm. Evidence for opportunistic screening in young adults is lacking, highlighting the need for more research on its benefits and harms.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow
10:44

Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow

Published on: August 15, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Control
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Genital chlamydia screening programs are promoted to control transmission and prevent female reproductive tract morbidity.
  • The effectiveness of register-based and opportunistic chlamydia screening interventions requires examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of register-based and opportunistic chlamydia screening interventions.
  • To assess primary outcomes including pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, adverse pregnancy outcomes, neonatal infection, and chlamydia prevalence.
  • To identify any harms associated with chlamydia screening in men and women.

Main Methods:

  • Searched seven electronic databases (January 1990-October 2007) and reference lists.
  • Included systematic reviews, randomized trials, non-randomized comparative studies, and time trend studies.
  • Extracted data in duplicate and synthesized using narrative methods or random effects meta-analysis.

Main Results:

  • Five reviews recommended screening for women at high risk.
  • Register-based screening in high-risk women and students reduced pelvic inflammatory disease incidence at 1 year, though benefits may be overestimated.
  • Opportunistic screening in women undergoing surgical termination of pregnancy reduced post-abortal pelvic inflammatory disease.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence supporting opportunistic chlamydia screening in the general population under 25 years is absent.
  • High-quality randomized trials of multiple screening rounds with biological outcomes are needed to determine the balance of benefits and harms.