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Vernal keratoconjunctivitis at Guinness Eye Centre, Luth (a five year study)
F B Akinsola1, A T Sonuga, O T Aribaba
1Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba.
Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine
|December 10, 2008
Summary
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) affects children and young adults, with a higher incidence in males and those under 10. This allergic eye condition peaks during seasonal weather changes, emphasizing the need for specialist ophthalmologist care.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Allergic Eye Diseases
- Pediatric Ophthalmology
Background:
- Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), or Spring Catarrh, is a chronic allergic eye inflammation.
- It significantly impacts children and young adults, causing discomfort and potential vision loss if untreated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the demographic distribution (age/sex) of VKC patients.
- To identify seasonal patterns and common clinical manifestations of VKC.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 148 VKC patient medical records.
- Data collected from January 2001 to December 2006.
Main Results:
- Male predominance observed (1.27:1 ratio) with a higher frequency in individuals under 10 years old.
- A trimodal seasonal peak in VKC cases was identified (Jan-Feb, Apr-Jul, Sep-Oct).
- Itching was the most frequent symptom, and brownish conjunctival discoloration was the most common sign.
Conclusions:
- Findings align with previous reports of male preponderance and predilection for younger age groups.
- Increased VKC cases correlate with transitions from dry to wet seasons.
- Inadequate treatment with antibiotics alone highlights the critical need for ophthalmologist assessment for effective VKC management.
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