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Related Concept Videos

Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Complement System01:27

Complement System

The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a membrane...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues
06:38

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues

Published on: August 4, 2022

Complement activation in tear fluid during occupational mold challenge.

S Peltonen1, O Kari, H Jarva

  • 1Skin and Allergy Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|December 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental mold exposure may elevate complement C3a levels in tears, potentially causing eye inflammation. Symptoms and C3a levels decreased after mold avoidance, suggesting a link between mold exposure and ocular complement activation.

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Bead Based Multiplex Assay for Analysis of Tear Cytokine Profiles
09:22

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Published on: October 13, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Environmental Health
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Indoor air quality is crucial for occupational healthcare.
  • Complement pathway components are found in ocular tissues and fluids.
  • Mold exposure's impact on ocular health requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine complement component levels (C1INH, C3, C4) in sera.
  • To measure C3a levels in tear fluids of individuals exposed to molds.
  • To assess the relationship between mold exposure and ocular inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 9 mold-exposed patients and 6 controls.
  • Tear fluid and conjunctival cytology samples were collected.
  • Samples were analyzed during mold exposure and after a 2-week avoidance period.

Main Results:

  • Four patients showed decreased eye symptoms and tear fluid C3a levels after 2 weeks of sick leave.
  • Conjunctival eosinophils also decreased in these patients.
  • Other inflammatory cells in conjunctival samples remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated tear fluid C3a levels may be linked to environmental mold exposure.
  • Eosinophilic inflammation in the eye can be caused by molds, though not consistently observed.
  • Further research is needed to understand mold-induced ocular inflammation.