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Related Concept Videos

Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents

Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic symptoms in all...
Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects

Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
Despite these side effects, antipsychotics are used therapeutically for various purposes, including managing schizophrenia, preventing nausea and vomiting, curbing...
Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview01:24

Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview

Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as a...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

[25 years antipsychotics: back to the future?].

D Denys1, L de Haan

  • 1Afdeling Psychiatrie, Academisch Medisch Centrum/Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam. d.denys@amc.nl

Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie
|December 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Antipsychotic medications revolutionized psychiatry 50 years ago. However, newer atypical antipsychotics have shown limited improvement in treating psychosis, despite research efforts.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience

Context:

  • The advent of antipsychotics 50 years ago transformed psychiatric care, enabling mass deinstitutionalization of patients with psychosis.
  • Recent decades have seen the introduction of atypical antipsychotics, aiming for improved efficacy and reduced side effects.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the clinical impact of atypical antipsychotics compared to their predecessors.
  • To assess the progress in pharmacological research for novel antipsychotic drug development.

Summary:

  • While typical antipsychotics revolutionized psychiatric treatment and deinstitutionalization, atypical antipsychotics introduced over the last 25 years have not significantly advanced psychosis management.
  • Pharmacological research has focused on developing drugs with comparable efficacy to typical antipsychotics but with fewer extra-pyramidal side effects and better outcomes for negative symptoms and cognitive deficits.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
10:32

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

  • Despite some patient benefits, atypical antipsychotics have largely failed to meet the high expectations set for them in treating psychosis.
  • Impact:

    • The findings suggest a need for reassessment of current antipsychotic drug development strategies.
    • This review highlights the persistent challenges in effectively treating psychosis, particularly negative symptoms and cognitive impairments.
    • Further research is warranted to explore novel therapeutic targets and approaches beyond current antipsychotic paradigms.