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Related Concept Videos

Production of Formed Elements01:34

Production of Formed Elements

Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Source And Potency Of Stem Cells01:27

Source And Potency Of Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with extensive self-renewal properties that help them maintain their population during the fetal and adult stages of life. They can specialize in all cell types of the human body. However, their differential potential may vary and can be classified into five types. Stem cells can be (1) Totipotent, (2) Pluripotent, (3) Multipotent, (4) Oligopotent, and (5) Unipotent. Each stem cell has a specific origin; the fertilized egg or zygote is a totipotent cell and...

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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
07:26

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: September 14, 2017

Endothelial progenitor cells: identity defined?

Frank Timmermans1, Jean Plum, Mervin C Yöder

  • 1Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ghent, University Hospital Ghent, De Pintelaan, Ghent, Belgium.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|December 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a controversial role in neovascularization. This review discusses challenges in identifying EPCs and presents findings that endothelial outgrowth cells do not originate from circulating CD133+ or CD45+ cells.

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Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery
08:43

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery

Published on: February 14, 2017

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
13:46

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: April 13, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
07:26

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: September 14, 2017

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery
08:43

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery

Published on: February 14, 2017

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
13:46

Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Published on: April 13, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Bone marrow (BM)-derived cells, particularly endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), are implicated in adult neovascularization.
  • EPCs were proposed to differentiate into endothelial cells (ECs) in situ, supporting postnatal vasculogenesis for therapeutic applications and tumor pathology.
  • However, conflicting data and challenges in identification and characterization have led to ongoing debate regarding their precise role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the controversial issues surrounding endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in vascular biology.
  • To address challenges in EPC identification, characterization, and their functional overlap with other cell types.
  • To present findings on the origin of endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs).

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on controversial aspects of EPC research.
  • Discussion of identification challenges, including lack of unique markers and cell paucity.
  • Presentation of experimental findings on the origin of endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs).

Main Results:

  • Significant challenges exist in uniquely identifying and characterizing EPCs due to a lack of specific markers.
  • There is considerable phenotypical and functional overlap between EPCs, hematopoietic cells, and mature ECs.
  • Endothelial outgrowth cells (EOCs), an in vitro defined EC population, were found not to originate from circulating CD133+ or CD45+ cells.

Conclusions:

  • The precise role and origin of EPCs in neovascularization remain subjects of intense discussion and require further clarification.
  • Current identification methods and understanding of EPCs are insufficient, hindering their therapeutic potential.
  • The origin of EOCs from circulating progenitor cells is questioned, suggesting alternative sources or mechanisms for endothelial regeneration.