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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

Overview of Cell Signaling

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. For example, skin cells respond to and transmit touch...
Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

Overview of Cell Signaling

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. For example, skin cells respond to and transmit touch...
What is Cell Signaling?02:03

What is Cell Signaling?

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
What is Cell Signaling?02:03

What is Cell Signaling?

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
Autocrine Signaling01:01

Autocrine Signaling

Autocrine signaling is one of the many signaling mechanisms that function inside multicellular organisms to carry out intercellular communication. In this type of signaling mechanism, the same cell that secretes an extracellular signaling molecule also expresses the receptors to bind and respond to that signaling molecule.
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Autocrine Signaling01:01

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Autocrine signaling is one of the many signaling mechanisms that function inside multicellular organisms to carry out intercellular communication. In this type of signaling mechanism, the same cell that secretes an extracellular signaling molecule also expresses the receptors to bind and respond to that signaling molecule.
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A Proximal Culture Method to Study Paracrine Signaling Between Cells
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Cell-to-cell signalling during pathogenesis.

Christopher T Parker1, Vanessa Sperandio

  • 1University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9048, USA.

Cellular Microbiology
|December 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pathogenic bacteria control virulence gene expression using four population-sensing systems. These systems detect autoinducers to regulate invasion and infection strategies based on environmental cues.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Pathogenic bacteria activate virulence factors strategically, conserving energy for infection.
  • Environmental cues, such as host or self-population density, regulate bacterial virulence.
  • Four distinct cell-to-cell communication systems (quorum sensing) are known to control virulence gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of four known bacterial signaling systems in virulence.
  • To understand how pathogens use these systems to regulate genes during host invasion and infection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on bacterial population-density sensing systems.
  • Analysis of transcriptional regulation mechanisms controlled by autoinducer molecules.
  • Examination of virulence factor production in response to population density.

Main Results:

  • Four systems regulate virulence gene expression in a population-dependent manner.
  • These systems are present in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
  • All systems detect autoinducers released by bacterial populations.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial signaling systems are crucial for coordinating virulence factor production.
  • Pathogens utilize these systems to adapt gene expression for successful host invasion.
  • Understanding these pathways offers targets for novel anti-infective strategies.