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[X-ray morphological study of the hip joints in children of pre-school age]

L G Konstantinova, V G Mazur

    Morfologiia (Saint Petersburg, Russia)
    |December 17, 2008
    PubMed

    Insights

    Ossification of the femoral caput in children now begins earlier, between 3-5 months. This study also identified new sex differences in hip joint development, with girls showing a larger acetabulum angle.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Orthopedics
    • Developmental Osteology
    • Radiographic Anatomy

    Background:

    • Hip joint ossification is crucial for early childhood development.
    • Previous research indicated femoral caput ossification starting between 6-12 months.
    • Understanding normal ossification patterns is vital for diagnosing developmental hip conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To update age characteristics of hip joint ossification in children under 6 years.
    • To detail variants in femoral caput ossification.
    • To identify sex-based differences in acetabulum formation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 1898 hip arthrograms from a radiographic archive.
    • Direct projection radiography used for assessment.
    • Statistical analysis of ossification timing, variants, and acetabulum angles.

    Main Results:

    • Femoral caput ossification observed earlier in modern children (3-5 months) compared to historical data (6-12 months).
    • Documented variants include fragmented ossification centers (3.6%), asymmetrical sizes (11.4%), and eccentric positioning (2.1%).
    • Acetabulum angle in girls is 3-4 degrees larger than in boys (91.9%), indicating a novel sex determination sign.

    Conclusions:

    • Current data updates the age osteology of hip joint formation in pre-school children.
    • Individual ossification variants are defined, aiding in personalized assessments.
    • Early identification of sex-specific hip joint formation characteristics is now possible.

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